Learning and Behavior in Psychology:Short Questions
some short question-answer pairs based on the topic of learning and behavior in psychology:
What is classical conditioning?
- Classical conditioning is a type of learning where an organism learns to associate two stimuli and responds to a previously neutral stimulus as it would to another stimulus.
Who proposed the concept of operant conditioning?
- B.F. Skinner introduced the concept of operant conditioning.
Define reinforcement.
- Reinforcement is a process that increases the likelihood of a specific behavior occurring again.
What is observational learning?
- Observational learning, or modeling, is learning by observing and imitating the behaviors of others.
How does positive reinforcement work?
- Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
What is habituation?
- Habituation is a form of learning where an organism becomes less responsive to a repeated or continuous stimulus.
Describe extinction in classical conditioning.
- Extinction in classical conditioning occurs when the conditioned response diminishes after the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.
What are the factors influencing learning?
- Factors influencing learning include biological factors, cognitive factors, and environmental factors.
How does negative reinforcement differ from negative punishment?
- Negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior, while negative punishment involves removing a desirable stimulus to decrease a behavior.
What are some applications of understanding learning and behavior?
- Applications include enhancing educational methods, developing therapeutic interventions, and training animals using behavioral principles.
